| 29th President of Chile | |
|---|---|
| In office
November 4, 1970 –September 11, 1973 | |
| Preceded by | Eduardo Frei Montalva |
| Succeeded by | Augusto Pinochet |
|
56th President of the Senate of the Republic of Chile | |
| In office
December 27, 1966 –1969 | |
| Preceded by | Tomás Reyes Vicuña |
| Succeeded by | Tomás Pablo Elorza |
|
Minister of Health and Social Welfare | |
| In office
August 28, 1938 –April 2, 1942 | |
| Preceded by | Miguel Etchebarne Riol |
| Succeeded by | Eduardo Escudero Forrastal |
|
| |
| Born | June 26, 1908(1908-06-26)
Valparaíso, Chile |
| Died | September 11, 1973 (aged 65)
Santiago, Chile |
| Nationality | Chilean |
| Political party | Socialist Party of ChilePopular Unity coalition |
| Spouse(s) | Hortensia Bussi (1940-1973) |
| Children | Beatriz Allende (1943-1977)Carmen Paz Allende (b.1944)Isabel Allende (b.1945) |
| Alma mater | University of Chile |
| Profession | Medical doctorCivil servant |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
| Signature | [1] |
| Website | salvador-allende.cl |
Salvador Isabelino del Sagrado Corazón de Jesús Allende Gossens (Spanish pronunciation: [salβaˈðoɾ aˈʝende ˈɣosens]; June 26, 1908 – September 11, 1973) was a Chilean physician and is generally considered the first democratically elected Marxist to become president of a country in the Americas.[1]
Allende's involvement in Chilean political life spanned a period of nearly forty years. As a member of the Socialist Party, he was a senator, deputy and cabinet minister. He unsuccessfully ran for the presidency in the 1952, 1958, and 1964 elections. In 1970, he won the presidency in a close three-way race.Allende was a self-described Democratic socialist.
He adopted the policy of nationalization of industries and collectivization. His policy of collectivization resulted in expropriation of lands and crop production dropped,[citation needed] amidst strikes by the far-right Patria y Libertad and CIA opposition under the Nixon administration. Protests were held in Chile against Allende's rule.[2] The Supreme Court criticized Allende for subordination of the judicial system to serve his own political needs and the Chamber of Deputies requested the military to restore laws in Chile. After this request by the Chamber of Deputies, General Augusto Pinochet deposed Allende[3] in a coup d'état on September 11, 1973 and this ended the Popular Unity government.[4][5] During the air raids and ground attacks that preceded the coup, Allende gave his last speech where he vowed to stay in the presidential palace.[6] The same day, Allende committed suicide.[7]